Biodiversity in Viet Nam

Vietnam with biodiversity values ​​high and is recognized as one of the countries should be a priority for the conservation of global biodiversity.

Since 1994, Vietnam has joined the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Since then, the Government of Vietnam was concerned, considerable investment in both human and financial resources for implementation of commitments and their obligations to the Convention.

However, in the process of industrialization and urbanization has adverse impacts on the conservation of biodiversity in Vietnam, requires the possible solutions and the further efforts of agencies functions from central to local levels for this work.

_ The threat to biodiversity
Biodiversity in Vietnam is facing a lot of threats. The increase in population and consumption is pressure led to overexploitation of biological resources, along with the development of economy, society has changed the natural landscape. The use of land, build more infrastructure has reduced the area of ​​natural habitat, increasing fragmentation of ecosystems, degrade the habitat of many animals and plants.
Coastal sandy area is type specific ecosystem of the central coastal province hardly altered, reducing the function as preventing sand, shoreline erosion protection, storage of freshwater. According to statistics, private sandy area of ​​Ninh Thuan from Ha Tinh to 85.100ha. From 1999 to now by the development of shrimp farming in the sand and ilmenite placer mining, the construction of the resort was destroyed thousands of hectares of coastal sand-Central region, casuarina forests and coastal protection is impaired, increase speed inland sand encroachment, impact on agricultural ecosystems.

The survey results showed that one of the causes of mangrove deforestation is due to conversion to shrimp ponds ... The vast natural tidal estuary in the northern delta and Southern also shrunk to the clam flats. Recently, a significant water surface in vVnh Halong, Bai Tu Long used to develop aquaculture in floating cages. The form of this culture is also one of the causes of environmental deterioration of water, loss of ecosystems, coral reefs, sea grass which grow here.

The catfish, basa with high stocking density in the Mekong Delta is the cause potential environmental pollution, affecting the biodiversity. Excess fish feed with high levels of nutrients are not destroyed all public high with products from fish farming excretion, leading to organic pollution, the impact on the ecosystem and aquatic communities there.

The construction of reservoirs for hydroelectric besides loss of natural forests, preventing the migration of fish, cleavage river. Many hydroelectric reservoirs in operation when not operating properly process as flood discharge regime, ensure environmental flows cause damage to people, the economy, affecting ecosystems downstream. In addition, the development of infrastructure also increases the mechanical population creates indirect impacts to biodiversity degradation.

To limit the decline in area and quality of the natural forest, the Government of Vietnam has promulgated a series of regulations to control commercial logging. However, the illegal logging activities still take place in some localities. The construction of timber road transport is often easier to create conditions for activities of hunting and NTFP extraction, greater pressure for fauna, flora species already heavily affected by the recession and habitat fragmentation.

Approximately 1/5 of Vietnam's population dependent on fishing to survive, these activities also contribute greatly to the food needs of people and exports. However, the increase in consumption, along with the management of fisheries has not been effective has led to excessive fishing in many areas, depleting fisheries resources and break the inshore reefs . Many seafood species have high value severely impaired as lobster, abalone, scallops ... Catching destructive as the use of explosives, poison and electric shocks to fishing still takes place both in inland and coastal areas, threatening more than 80% of Vietnam coral reefs.

Rising temperatures also increase the possibility of forest fires, especially in the forests on peat land has damage biological resources, has increased greenhouse gas emissions increased climate change. Climate change, along with the decline in the area of ​​watershed, using water resources unreasonable rod leads to floods, flash floods, landslides ... happen more and more, increasingly serious consequences for with human life and the environment.