Natural disaster

Disaster is an effect of natural disasters (eg floods, (storm), volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and landslides) may affect the environment, and lead to financial losses, environmental and / or human. Damage caused by natural disasters depends on the resistance and recovery of people with disaster.

This understanding is concentrated in the formulation: "disasters occur when the risk occurs along the vulnerable." A natural risk therefore can not lead to a natural disaster in areas without vulnerability, eg large earthquakes in uninhabited areas. The term natural has therefore been controversial because of the simple fact is not disaster risk or otherwise related to humans.

Earthquake
Main article: List of earthquakes
An earthquake is a sudden movement of the Earth's crust. These oscillations may differ in magnitude. Sources of ground vibration is called "focal" (focus). Focus point on the Earth's surface is called the "epicenter". The earthquake we rarely fatal to humans or wildlife. Often the secondary effects caused by them, such as buildings collapse, fires, tsunamis and volcanoes, is the human catastrophe. Because many events above can be prevented by better housing, security systems, early warning and evacuation plans, the term non-natural disasters are not identified.

An earthquake of the most notable recent include:

Indian Ocean earthquake of 2004, the second largest earthquake in recorded history, with a 9.3 magnitude. The massive tsunami caused by the earthquake caused at least 229,000 deaths.
2005 Kashmir earthquake 7.6-7.7, leaving 79,000 people dead in Pakistan.
Java Earthquake 7.7 in July 2006, also caused the tsunami.
Sichuan earthquake in 2008 took place May 12 with a magnitude of 7.9 degrees in Sichuan, China. The number of deaths is more than 61.150 at the time of May 27, 2008.

Eruption
Main article: Types of volcanic eruptions

A possible eruption itself was a disaster because of the volcanic explosion or by falling rocks, but there are many effects can occur after an eruption and often at risk to human life.
Lava can be created in an eruption of the volcano, it is a material composed of rock super hot. There are many different forms of lava may be friable or sticky like glue. When it flows from the volcano destroyed any buildings, trees that it encounters.
Volcanic ash - generally means cold ash - may form a cloud, thick and falls down the neighborhood. When mixed with water it forms a kind of concrete materials. The quantity of ash accumulation can collapse roofs and even in small quantities it can cause harm to human health if inhaled. By ash contains abrasive glass it moving equipment such as motors.
Super Volcano: According to the Toba catastrophe theory 70 to 75 thousand years ago a super volcanic event took place at Lake Tuba reduce the population to 10,000 or even 1,000 breeding pairs may create a bottleneck in the evolution of mankind. It also killed three quarters of all types of plants in the northern hemisphere. The main danger from a super volcano ash cloud is large because it creates can cause disastrous effects on climate and the Earth's temperature over the years.
The lava flow floors with a hot cloud of volcanic ash is generated in the air above the volcano, under the weight of it will quickly fall down and go quickly burning spill anything on the road. It is believed that Pompeii was destroyed by a lava flow of stories.